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24/12/2008 | Mexico - Drug violence in Guerrero

Stratfor Staff

Organized criminal activity continued throughout Mexico this past week. In Tamaulipas state, threats and extortion attempts against the gambling industry have led at least 12 such businesses to close their doors.

 

At least two deaths in the area are thought to be related to businesses that failed to pay protection fees to criminal groups. In Tijuana, Baja California state, a group of gunmen opened fire on the state attorney general’s office in what authorities believe was a failed attempt to rescue members of a kidnapping gang who had been arrested.

And in Chilpancingo, Guerrero state, authorities discovered the severed heads of eight soldiers and a former state police director in a lot next to a large retail store. Next to the heads was a note that read, “For each one of mine that you kill, I will kill ten soldiers.” The bodies were found in two locations along nearby highways.

Authorities believe that the soldiers were killed in retaliation for an army firefight with a drug gang in the town of Teloloapan, which left at least three drug traffickers dead. Officials believe the beheaded soldiers in this case had been kidnapped randomly as they were leaving nearby army barracks. The former police director was reportedly abducted outside a bull fighting arena.

While gruesome drug violence in Mexico has become the norm over the past few years, this latest mass beheading incident is certainly noteworthy and highlights the vulnerability of the country’s security forces to this type of attack. Since implementing even a basic protective intelligence program seems unlikely in the near future, the inevitable threat to security forces has the potential to further lower their morale. A combination of lower morale and a sense of great vulnerability could decrease the military’s effectiveness; much like the violence against police officers has led to mass police resignations, protests and strikes. Such a situation among the military could cripple the government’s ability to pursue its cartel strategy, especially given the historically high desertion rate for the armed forces.

Attorney General Addresses the Drug War

In a press conference published this past week, Mexican Attorney General Eduardo Medina Mora provided an official account of the past year’s cartel war. Among the statements Medina made was that according to records kept by his office, the total number of organized crime-related homicides so far in 2008 stands at well above 5,700, more than double the previous record of about 2,700 set in 2007. The 2008 total includes 944 people killed in November alone, the deadliest month in the Mexico’s history in terms of drug violence. In addition, he affirmed that nearly 15 percent of the victims of organized crime belonged to law enforcement or the military, higher than the 10 percent we previously estimated. He also projected that the country’s drug violence has not yet peaked, and that the trend in 2008 is expected to continue during the first few months of 2009.

Medina also stated that the country’s drug cartels have now entered a new phase of violence. Whereas previously killings and kidnappings primarily were motivated by disputes over territory, cartel violence now is motivated more by personal vendettas and grievances between drug traffickers, a situation that occurred as the government’s operations disrupted the balance of power between the cartels.

Many of Medina’s remarks echo the assessments made by Stratfor in our 2008 report on Mexico’s drug cartels. While we find it difficult to believe that personal affronts now account for most of Mexico’s skyrocketing violence, Medina’s statement sheds light on some of the challenges associated with tracking and analyzing the activities of drug-trafficking organizations. On the one hand, cartels are generally business-oriented, and their actions often have strategic aims designed to increase profits. On the other hand, the culture of drug trafficking and organized crime in Mexico is often a family business. An attack on a family member, for example, can be perceived as a challenge to honor and cause one organization to attack another even when this could be bad for business. Since this form of violence often occurs without warning or strategic motivation, it underscores the enormous potential for violence in Mexico to escalate even further. As control of drug trafficking in Mexico becomes increasingly fragmented, any one of the many criminal organizations vying for power could soon decide that new forms of violence are warranted.

Dec. 15

·         A report released by Mexico’s national human rights commission estimates that approximately 99 percent of crimes in the country go unpunished.

·         Authorities in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua state, found the bodies of four people in front of a banner naming 28 police officers in what is presumably a hit list. Three of the victims had been shot to death, while the other had been beheaded. A fifth victim was found alive, but bearing signs of torture.

·         Authorities in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua state, found the bodies of five men shot dead along a highway.

Dec. 16

·         Police in Tijuana, Baja California state, found the bodies of two men with multiple gunshot wounds on a patio in a private residence.

Dec. 17

·         At least two gunmen shot a police director in Acolman, Mexico state, several times, wounding him.

·         One man died after a gunman posing as a police officer entered his home and shot him at close range in Tijuana, Baja California state.

·         Police in Ecatepec, Mexico state, found the bodies of two unidentified people wrapped in blankets in the trunk of a car.

·         A former Nayarit state police director died when a group of armed men shot him nine times as he drove through the state capital of Tepic.

·         Authorities in Reynosa, Tamaulipas state, found the body of a labor union leader who had organized workers for area maquiladoras.

Dec. 18

·         The former mayor of San Juan, Michoacan state, died after being shot multiple times while driving a personal vehicle.

·         Authorities in Ciudad Altamirano, Guerrero state, found the decapitated body of a man with a note reading, “See what happens when you receive orders from the family. You lose your head.”

·         Two men died after being shot multiple times in a supermarket parking lot in Culiacan, Sinaloa state.

·         One man died after several men armed with assault rifles shot him several times in restaurant parking lot in Nogales, Sonora state.

·         The body of a police commander was found in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua state, with at least one gunshot wound. He had been abducted shortly before his body was discovered.

Dec. 19

·         Authorities in Cali, Colombia, announced the arrest of seven drug traffickers believed to have been supplying cocaine to Mexico’s Sinaloa cartel.

Dec. 20

·         Six men died and one was wounded in a mechanic shop in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua state, when a group of gunmen entered the building and opened fire.

·         A police officer in Mazatlan, Sinaloa state, died after being shot while driving to work.

·         Several gunmen shot and killed an army sergeant as he left a police building in Culiacan, Sinaloa state.


Stratfor (Estados Unidos)

 


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