The annual strategic talks are seen as an opportunity for the two countries to end months of discord over issues such as the value of the yuan, or renminbi.

Critics of China's currency policy say it keeps the yuan artificially low to make the country's exports cheaper and more attractive than those of rivals.

"China will continue to steadily advance the reform of the formulation mechanism of the renminbi exchange rate under the principle of independent decision-making, controllability and gradual progress," Hu said.

Speculation had grown recently that China was ready to allow a gradual yuan appreciation but experts say that now looks unlikely as the government will seek exchange rate stability as the European sovereign debt crisis rages.

Hu repeated previous government promises that it would work to increase domestic demand -- something long sought by trading partners such as the United States, which wants to reduce its trade deficit with China.

"China will accelerate the transformation of its economic development pattern," he said.

"We will make great efforts to increase domestic demand and increase household consumption, vigorously promote sound and balanced growth of external trade, and reject protectionism in all its manifestations."

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner are leading the US delegation at the two-day talks in Beijing with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan and State Councillor Dai Bingguo.

Beyond the yuan issue, Washington is concerned about accusations China is skewing its trade and investment climate in favour of domestic companies.

Speaking shortly before Hu, Geithner said both sides should ensure a "level playing field" for trade. He added that the United States would welcome a "more open China".

Later, after the talks got under way, Geithner lauded China's leaders for recognising "that reform of the exchange rate is an important part of their broader reform agenda" but made no strong public comment on the yuan's value.

China's central bank governor, Zhou Xiaochuan, confirmed that the yuan issue had been raised in Monday's talks, according to Dow Jones Newswires.

The People's Daily, the main print mouthpiece of the ruling Communist Party, argued in a commentary on Monday that a yuan revaluation would not necessarily benefit the United States.

"A renminbi appreciation cannot solve the US trade imbalance and it cannot solve the US unemployment problem," it said.